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Depression in seniors

Depression is more than just feeling sad. It is a serious mood disorder that affects how people feel, think and act. Anyone can have depression, no matter how old they are.

Even though older adults may not talk about feeling depressed as much as younger people, it’s still important to pay attention to. Studies show that 1% to 5% of older adults living in the general community have major depression. This number goes up to 11.5% for those in hospitals and 12.5% for those needing home care.

What is depression?

Common types of depression for older adults:

  • Major depression disorder – Lasts at least two weeks and interferes with the ability to perform daily tasks.
  • Persistent depressive disorder – Lasts more than two years, but the individual may be able to reliably perform daily tasks.
  • Substance/medication depressive disorder – Related to using substances such as alcohol or pain medication.
  • Depressive disorder due to a medical condition – Related to a separate illness, such as heart disease or multiple sclerosis.

While different types of depression exist, the signs and symptoms in older adults are similar.

Signs and symptoms of depression in seniors

Common depression symptoms include:

  • Feeling sad, worried or empty all the time
  • Feeling hopeless or negative
  • Feeling guilty, worthless or helpless
  • Feeling tired or having no energy
  • Having trouble concentrating or making decisions
  • Sleeping too much or too little
  • Changes in appetite or weight
  • Physical pains that don’t go away
  • Thoughts about death or suicide

Depression can also lead to changes in how people act and feel, such as:

  • More angry or irritable
  • Restless or on edge
  • Withdrawn, negative or detached
  • Taking more risks
  • Using alcohol or drugs more than before
  • Isolating from family and friends
  • Having trouble with responsibilities
  • Having problems with sex drive and performance

Do not ignore the signs and symptoms of depression. If left untreated, depression could worsen and lead to death by suicide. Seek treatment as soon as signs become noticeable. If you believe that your loved one is experiencing depression, encourage them to seek medical treatment.

Risk factors for depression in older adults

Depression in seniors can happen for a number of reasons. Some develop depression due to changes in the brain, while others could become depressed after a major life event, like losing a loved one or receiving an unexpected medical diagnosis. The stress of caring for loved ones who have serious illnesses or disabilities can also be the reason for depression. And for some, it seems that depression develops for no clear reason.

Other risk factors include:

  • Medical conditions, such as stroke or cancer
  • Genetic factors
  • Stress
  • Trouble sleeping
  • Social isolation and loneliness
  • Lack of exercise and physical activity
  • Functional limitations that make engaging in daily activities difficult
  • Addiction and/or alcoholism
  • Loneliness and social isolation
  • History of depression

Mental health doctors near me

At WellMed, we understand that mental health is just as important as physical health, especially for our senior patients. Our compassionate and experienced doctors are here to support you every step of the way. Whether you’re dealing with anxiety, depression or any other mental health concern, we offer a wide range of treatment options tailored to your unique needs. We’re committed to helping you find the path to a healthier, happier life. You don’t have to face these challenges alone. Reach out to us today and let’s work together to improve your mental health.

Find mental health care near you

Frequently asked questions about depression

How does a doctor diagnose depression?

During your appointment, your primary care provider will ask about your symptoms, including when they started, how long you’ve had them for, how often they happen and if they interfere with your daily life.

  • To be diagnosed with depression, a person must experience symptoms most of the day, almost every day, for at least two weeks. These symptoms must include a persistent feeling of sadness or lack of interest in the activities they used to enjoy.

Your health care provider will also do a physical exam, interview you and possibly run lab tests to rule out medications or medical conditions that could be causing depression like symptoms.

What are antidepressants?

Antidepressants are a type of medication used to relieve symptoms of depression and other mental health conditions, such as anxiety. To fully work, antidepressants typically need to be taken for a few weeks. Types of antidepressants include selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), atypical antidepressants, tricyclics, tetracyclics and monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs).

What do antidepressants do?

Antidepressants work on chemical messengers called neurotransmitters. Neurotransmitters play a role in regulating your mood, cognition, behavior, sleep and memory. Antidepressants work to change the levels and activities of certain neurotransmitters such as serotonin, norepinephrine and dopamine.

Can you prevent depression?

While depression may not always be preventable, there are several proactive steps you can take to reduce the risk.

  • Stay active and eat a healthy, balanced diet
  • Get at least 7 to 9 hours of sleep each night
  • Stay in touch with friends and family
  • Participate in activities that you enjoy
  • Let your friends, family and health care professionals know when you are experiencing symptoms of depression.

If you or someone you know is struggling with feelings of hopelessness or thoughts of suicide, it’s important to reach out for help. The National Suicide Prevention Lifeline is a free, confidential service available 24/7. Trained counselors are there to listen, offer support, and connect you with resources in your area. You can call 988 or visit their website at suicidepreventionlifeline.org to chat online. Remember, you are not alone, and help is just a phone call away. Your well-being matters, and there are people who care and are ready to assist you.

Want to learn more about depression? Read these articles.

References:

1. National Institute on Aging. (2021). Depression and Older Adults.

2. National Council on Aging. (2024). )How Common is Depression in Older Adults?

3. National Institute of Mental Health. (2024). Depression.

4. National Library of Medicine. (2023). Commonly Prescribed Antidepressants and How They Work.